kudos for HD

I do not promote brands or permit advertising on my site.  But when credit is due – I give it.   Some 10- 15 years ago I replaced  two defective bath tub/shower faucets which had washer valves  with new identical faucets which used ceramic valves.  Coincidentally both developed problems in the past few months.  I did not have receipts but knew I had purchased them from Home Depot.

The first problem was a dripping faucet which needed a new ceramic valve – cost about $6.  I am always interested in how companies service their customers so I decided to pursue this with HD.  I was placed in touch with the Store Support Center, Resolution Expediter, who requested 4 photos of the faucet to identify the brand and model.  Within a few days the parts arrived and the leak was fixed.

The second problem with the other faucet was that the ceramic handles on the faucet had broken – don’t ask me how, this is my son’s bathroom.  The replacement parts would have cost >$50 and would not have matched exactly.  Knowing the drill and whom to contact it was a quick process to snap 4 photos and email them off – see below.

faucet in bathroom - front view
faucet in bathroom – front view – the broken parts are the left handle and the center mixer handle
faucet in bathroom - left rear view
faucet in bathroom – left rear view
faucet in bathroom - right rear view
faucet in bathroom – right rear view
the broken parts which I wished to replace
the broken parts which I wished to replace

When I originally installed the faucets I had to cut out a rear access panel which I had screwed into place when the job was done, so it was easy to remove the panel and snap the rear photos.  Two days after my email I received a call saying they had identified the faucet and I would receive replacements within 6 business days.  In the event, I received the replacement parts within a week of my emailing the photos, talk about service.  The parts matched exactly and a couple of extras were included as well.

An effortless, costless repair which leaves a good feeling toward a major retailer.

 

new electric water heater and visit to recycle center

New electric heater

The electric water heater in the basement began leaking water – a lot of water by the time I discovered what it was up to.  Most of my neighbors in this rural area have propane tanks and use propane for water heating, cooking and warming their houses.  My house has a heat pump for heating and cooling and uses electricity for cooking and water heating.  This is one of the reasons I recently installed an efficient wood stove.

The electric water heater was corroded, and beyond repair so, after researching various brands I bought a new Whirlpool 50 gals 9 year warranty replacement from a big DIY store. Their website said the 12 year warranty model was in stock but on arrival I was told their website was not accurate (they really should get this fixed), so I bought the cheaper 9 year warranty version and saved $100 plus, and then trucked the heater home.    The installation had two complications – the soldered in place gate valve was defective and the conduit had 4 wires and the heater required only 3.

Gate valves are good for controlling water flow but if you have to shut off the water completely a ball valve is the way to go.  Soldering a new valve would have been time consuming since water kept dripping down the pipe which lead to the floors above.  Also my soldering skills have become erratic.  In London I soldered numerous copper connections with hardly any fails – here my success is mixed and I attribute this to  my using Mapp gas which is too hot compared with propane, and perhaps to the old flux I was using.  Note that, consistent with the saying “a bad workman always blames his tools” I exculpate myself.  And in London the way I solved a dripping pipe was to push bread up the pipe and this detained the drops long enough for me to get the  job done.  Anyhow, I have been wanting to try out a “SharkBite” and this was my opportunity.

A SharkBite is a push fit connector (no soldering required) and I bought one which combined with a ball valve.  It cost just less than $20 which is a lot for one connection.  However I was staggered at the cost of the fittings I usually use – both big DIY outfits wanted over $6 for a 3/4″ female copper connector (come on!) and if I had bought this, plus 3 male connectors plus a ball valve the cost saving against the SharkBite would have small – and it would have taken longer, may not have taken and may have been a frustrating installation.  The SharkBite worked perfectly and the plumbing was resolved.

new electric water heater - the SharkBite valve is on the right with red handle pointing down
new electric water heater – the SharkBite valve is on the right with red handle pointing down

I should explain some of the other features in the above photo.  The new water heater is 48″ high compared with the old heater which was 60″ high.  So I needed to extend the connections and opted for the flexible connectors shown rather than copper  pipe – a more expensive alternative but easy to install and will save time on future replacements.   At top left you can spot another ball valve in the off position.  This is one of my innovations – a problem with well water is that if it is allowed to cool it can develop a stinky sulphur smell and the way to treat it is to add H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) and also to not let the water cool.  The top left valve is where I used to add the hydrogen peroxide – simply open the valve and drain half the water out the tank through the valve at the bottom of the tank, then with a plastic funnel add the peroxide through the top left valve.  I haven’t had to do that for years since I now always keep the water at around 120 deg and the smell has not recurred.  The wood battens are to secure the pipes against movement.

The second complication had to do with the wiring  – both heaters required 240 volt service and the cable had 4 wires which had connected to various parts of the old heater, but the new heater only required 3 wires.   I googled and learned that the 4 wires in the conduit consisted of 2 power wires, a neutral and a bare earth/ground.  The new heater required the bare earth/ground to be connected to the body and had terminals for the two power wires.  But what about the 4th wire which was neutral – surely that was needed, don’t you always have to have a neutral?  Well apparently not – the 2 power wires produce the 240 volts and you only need the neutral if you have a 120 volt circuit, which a range has but not the new water heater.  So I connected the three required wires, terminated the neutral and was done.

My first visit to a recycling yard

I loaded the old water heater into my ever so useful truck and, rather than go to the landfill where there is a $20 minimum charge, I visited a nearby (5 miles) metal recycling yard.    I asked  the office attendant if they accepted water heaters and the young girl said she had only been there a couple weeks and I should ask someone in the yard.  I saw this old bod (my age) strolling towards me and he said he did not work there, had no idea, and had just finished helping his mate drop off some iron.  I noticed that his mate had pulled the truck and trailer onto the truckscale/weighbridge.  I found someone knowledgeable who said sure, so I returned to my truck and waited for the old bod and his mate to be paid.  When they drove off the truckscale the driver stared at me very hard and I wondered what that was about.  So I was weighed, then unloaded the heater then was weighed again and the attendant gave me a check for $14 since the heater weighed 140lbs and they paid $1 for each 10 lbs.  It was only when I was driving away that I figured out the scam.  The old bod sat with his buddy in the cab when they arrived and were weighed, then when the truck and trailer was being weighed after offloading the iron, the old bod was walking back from the dump to the office.  So the truck was 150 lbs lighter, assuming that was his weight, and so they made an additional $15.  I suppose if you are sneaky you could have also plugged the water heater and filled it with some water and this would also have increased the payout.

One of my running buddies just had his water heater replaced.  Prior to the replacement he told me it would not cost him any since the heater was under warranty.  When I next spoke to him he told me the cost was close to $1,000.  His is a gas heater, he was not present when the work was done, and the repairman had solicitously asked his wife if they had grandchildren and upon learning they were proud grandparents, said that the flue connections were defective and leaking exhaust could cause serious harm to the grandkids and the defects should be fixed as soon as possible.  My buddy who was hooked in to the call drew the line at paying $100 to have the old water heater removed and so I have volunteered to do this for him and will make another $14 and earn some goodwill along the way.   He said that when I am older and no longer a DIYer and have grandkids I will be suckered just like him!

wood stove installation (part 2)

The installer said to expect him between 8am and 9am.  He arrived shortly after 8 and finished the job by 11.15am – just over 3 hours.  And to a professional standard.  Mind boggling.

He offloaded the new chimney components and I noted all were new out of unopened boxes and bore UL compliance labels.

insulated flue pipe for installation
insulated flue pipe for installation

He began first with removing exterior wood siding from the chimney and then the 7/16 OSB (oriented strandboard).

installation b
an opening is made to extract the fireplace

With the OSB sheathing removed the rear of the fireplace is visible.

the fireplace and the flue are visible
the fireplace and the flue are visible

He loosened and extracted some of the flue through this opening and then climbed to the top of the chimney to remove the chimney cover and cap and the rest of the flue.

there he is on top of the chimney removing the old flue
there he is on top of the chimney removing the old flue

He had an assistant who received and passed him pieces as needed.  Next he and his assistant pulled out the old fireplace.

the old fireplace on its way out through the rear of the chimney stack
the old fireplace on its way out through the rear of the chimney stack

He installed the new flue and a new chimney cover and cap – here are the latter two items awaiting installation.

 

the new chimney cover and cap awaiting a hike to the top of the chimney
the new chimney cover and cap awaiting a hike to the top of the chimney

Then he and his assistant brought in the new hearth pad and sited the wood stove on the hearth pad and connected the stovepipe so it went through the wall to the new flue.

and here is the new wood stove connected and ready to fire
and here is the new wood stove connected and ready to fire

And all of this done in just around 3 hours.  I fixed plywood sheathing to the chimney exterior and the room interior and over the next week I will repair the chimney exterior and install a tile surround behind the wood stove.

My neighbor asked if he could have the old fireplace and flue which I set aside for him.

old fireplace, flue and components set aside for neighbor
old fireplace (rear left), flue and components set aside for neighbor

And last night I lit the wood stove and marveled how long it took to consume my oak logs and the radiant heat it provided.  I should mention, in conclusion, that a good reference for me was “The Woodburner’s Companion” by Dirk Thomas.

wood stove installation (part 1)

I have always wanted a wood stove.  Think of a box with 6 sides.  If the box is inserted into the wall of a room only 1 side faces the room.  The other sides are buried in the wall and face up, down, to the left and right and to the rear – this is the fireplace in our living room.  Now I know that a lot of the heat comes out the front of the fireplace into the room, but more goes straight up the chimney – what a waste.  My other problem with our fireplace is all the particulates it releases into the room – after a good fire the surfaces of tables and objects have a gritty film, and I can only think what is inside my lungs which recirculate the air more efficiently than the air passing the table tops.  Plus a fireplace releases high emissions into the environment.  So it was always my intention to change out the fireplace for a good wood stove, but this was action deferred until the recent arctic vortexes got me moving.

First the research – I called a well rated chimney firm and they wanted $99 for a consultation visit and would not provide any estimates either for installation or stoves until the visit.  No thank you!  From their website I noted they use the Heatilator brand and two sizes WS18 and WS22 got my interest – I have no interest in pellet stoves since I wish to be self reliant and have access to lots of trees.  The NYT carried a recent article on stoves and mentioned one stalwart with emissions of just over 3 grams per hour.  The WS22 is better and has EPA certified emissions of 2.7 grams per hour.   I googled Heatilator for my area and located a dealer who informed me they were no longer a dealer and had a WS22 in their showroom, brand new, which they would sell for a discount.  They are in Ellijay which is our apple growing area located in the Appalachian range and just 20 miles away.  They agreed to strap the stove to a pallet and loaded it into my truck.

stove a
the palletized, shrink wrapped, strapped down stove at the start of its journey to a new home

The stove weighs over 400 lbs, too much for me to offload, but a simple matter for my bobcat using chains.

the pallet and a moving blanket protect the stove from damage from the lifting chains
the pallet and a moving blanket protect the stove from damage from the lifting chains

Some things I won’t do, and climbing roofs and chimneys is one of them.  I made several calls and located an installer who seemed to know all about wood stove installation.  I suggested that all that was needed was to pull out the fireplace, leave the existing flue in place and connect the stovepipe which rises above the stove through a 90 degree bend and through the wall, to a tee which would connect to the existing flue.  He said this was not code compliant and could not be done.  Instead he said the whole flue would have to be removed and replaced by a flue designed for wood stoves. He visited (no charge), impressed me and gave me a reasonable quote.  I called his insurer to confirm coverage, called his reference which is someone who works at a major fireplace/stove retailer and was very positive, and drafted a simple agreement confirming insurance coverage, that I would not be responsible for any injuries, that all materials were new and UL compliant, that the installation would be code compliant and that work and materials were warranted for 1 year.  He signed in his personal capacity and as owner for his company and we were set to go.

His quote detailed separately the cost of removing the stone surround and the cost of framing up the hole remaining after removing the fireplace but not  to tape or mud the drywall.  I decided to do these tasks myself.  Removing the stone surround and mantle was a big job.

the fireplace has/had a nice stone surround and attractive mantle - demolition has commenced
the fireplace has/had a nice stone surround and attractive mantle – demolition has commenced

There were lots of stones and the mantle included a lot of wood.

a bigger job than I initially thought
a bigger job than I initially thought

The floor stone was on a wood frame and the big question for me was whether the oak flooring in the room extended under the frame or terminated at the frame.

stone surround c
there was no flooring under the frame

Unfortunately the oak floor terminated at the frame – so now I had to install new flooring.  The floor is 3/4″ thick and 2.25″ wide and HD sold it by the bundle.  After googling instructions and using my pneumatic finish nailer and miter saw, I installed new flooring which matched its surroundings.  And now I was ready for the wood stove installer who arrived the next day and which I chronicle in part 2.

 

 

 

a simple repair and a Bridge Too Far

Some repairs are straightforward, others frustrating and now there is one I began and backed off – it was a Bridge Too Far.  An instantaneously rewarding repair was replacing the gasket on the cappuccino maker – immediately thereafter we were again enjoying our once a day treat and this time without spluttering plumes of hot water.

About 14 years ago I bit the bullet and purchased a good cappuccino maker (Expobar) and a coffee bean grinder. (Rancilio nicknamed Rocky).  We have enjoyed cappuccino at least 5 days a week ever since – a gratifying investment.

Expobar and Rocky
Expobar and Rocky

Expobar needed a new gasket.  I shopped and found a modestly priced E61 which arrived timely.  The trick was removing the old gasket – not easy at all.

you can see the black circular gasket and the dispersion screen it embraces
you can see the black circular gasket and the dispersion screen it embraces

I removed the movable parts of the maker and inverted the machine.  The gasket holds the dispersion screen in place and there are various suggestions for removing the dispersion screen or the gasket – none worked for me.  So with my portable electric drill and an appropriately sized drill bit I drilled holes into the gasket taking care that the drill only entered the gasket.  It was then easy to pry out the gasket.  I removed and cleaned the screen and re-assembled with the new gasket and it worked fine.

another view of the gasket and dispersion screen
another view of the gasket and dispersion screen

The repair I abandoned was attempting to fix the CD player on my RCA (RS 2502) stereo system.

my old(ish) RCA stereo system with the 5 CD player at top incorrectly advising there is no CD
my old(ish) RCA stereo system with the 5 CD player at top incorrectly advising there is no CD

The 5 CD player opened fine and rotated among CD’s fine but when it came to playing a track it gave an error message that it could not read the CD.  I  opened it up which was easy enough – just remove a few screws and take off the cover.

a view of the inside of the CD player with CD drawer open
a view of the inside of the CD player with CD drawer open

I studied and tested and concluded that the problem was the spindle motor – this is the motor which spins the CD around, and the reason for the error message was that the laser disc reader did not recognize the CD because it was not being spun around.  I tried lubricating the motor to no avail.

you can see the shaft of the spindle motor on the right below the platter
you can see the shaft of the spindle motor on the right below the platter

Perhaps I should have ordered a new motor (they are less than $10 on eBay) and tried to install it.  My hesitation was because I was not sure which motor I needed – I could have disassembled further and identified the motor but the bad weather had turned to good and I was losing patience), and because new systems come with blue tooth and I am using blue tooth extensively in my car trips to hear podcasts and so, to my mind the RCA had become somewhat technologically obsolete.  Lots of rationalizations.  I put it all together again, donated it since everything else worked fine,  and upgraded to a nifty blue tooth Sony system.

 

 

 

 

 

 

truck door lock repair – comedy of errors

A couple weeks ago one of my running/walking buddies mentioned he had to replace the ignition lock of his Honda minivan.  He is handy and used to enjoy tackling projects but now, some 10 years older than me, he will have others do the work.  At a cost!  He said the bill was close to $1,000.  I was surprised but since I persist in doing things myself I am out of touch with rates.

My problems was different – I have a basic Toyota Tacoma truck and could not open the driver’s door from the inside.  When I pulled on the handle nothing happened, so the routine was to lower the window with the crank and with my hand pull on the outside handle.  And it worked.  I assumed the handle which connected to a cable which connected to the latch was defective.  I studied a couple utube videos (very helpful) on how to remove the interior panel and replace the handle.  Since removing the interior door panel is a pain and I only wanted to do so once, I ordered a replacement handle.

the door handle with 2 cables, the top yellow one is for locking the door, the lower green one is for operating the latch
the door handle with 2 cables, the top yellow one is for locking the door, the lower green one is for operating the latch

Now the logic for making a repair is fairly simple: 1) diagnose the problem; 2) get the parts; 3) dismantle with care so you know how to reassemble’ 4) execute the repair.  In my haste I did step (2) before step (1).  After I removed the interior panel I saw that the problem was not the handle but the cable that the handle connected to.

the green cable which worked the latch is broken
the green cable which worked the latch is broken

So I had purchased the wrong part.  A little frustrated, I went online to order a replacement cable.  When the replacement arrived I again removed the interior panel to fit the new cable and discovered, incredibly, that I had ordered the wrong cable.  I couldn’t believe it.  So a week later the correct cable arrived and I removed the interior panel and then discovered I had a new problem.  Attaching the cable to the handle is relatively easy but connecting the cable to the latch is a puzzle.  The latching mechanism is out of sight and has to be unscrewed from the door jamb and disconnected from the outside handle mechanism.  And the window guides block access as well.  And to unscrew the latch from the door required a driver I did not have handy.  I put the interior panel back in place for the third time.

a view of the door with panel removed, to attach the cable to the handle requires working through the large top left hole
a view of the door with panel removed, to attach the cable to the handle requires working through the large top left hole!)

When I located the driver a few days later I made a fourth attempt.  And working with the latch partly disassembled and rotated for easier access I was able to attach the cable to the latch (phew!) and also the cable to the new handle (the old one was fine but rather use the new) and I reassembled the panel and the window cranking handle.  And, finally, I was done and had learned a couple useful lessons along the way.

water pump repair

I use two water pumps – a 1HP Water Ace (cost circa $150) with handy carrying handle which I move to various rainwater collection tanks and then pump to the larger storage tanks (2,800 gallons) and thence to the top of the hill; and a Wayne PC4 0.5HP pump (cost $130) whose sole purpose is to pump from my 2,400 gallon carport tank to the top of the hill.  At the top of the hill I have tanks which gravity feed the rainwater to the plantings.  The Wayne worked fine until a couple years ago when I forgot to disconnect it in winter and the internal membrane (called the backhead) was shattered by ice.  I did a cursory examination for parts on the internet, couldn’t find any, and replaced it.  This past January, can you believe it, I again neglected to remove all the water from the pump (it was disconnected from the tanks but had water in it) and the backhead of the second pump also shattered.  I googled and found on eBay a backhead replacement kit for $15 plus $3 for shipping.  It made sense to self repair since if the repair worked I could also repair the previously damaged pump (I keep everything).

my Wayne workhorse - never let me down until I let it down
my Wayne workhorse – never let me down until I let it down

It is easy to dismantle, just remove 4 screws at the base of the motor housing which secures it to the pump housing, and the ice damage is easy to see.

the broken backhead can be clearly seen
the broken backhead can be clearly seen

First time round it is always difficult – how do I remove the backhead.  Fortunately the manual is easily accessible on the internet and it suggested smashing the ceramic seal with a hammer driven screwdriver.  I tried this at first but the concept did not appeal.  So I found a puller I used for automotive work.

with the right tools everything becomes much easier and less dangerous
with the right tools everything becomes much easier and less dangerous

And with a few turns of the wrench the backhead was off, leaving behind the bearing to which it had been press fitted.

after removing the backhead the bearing and a water seal remain
after removing the backhead the bearing and a water seal remain

From here it was relatively simple to re-assemble the motor following the manual’s instructions and taking care, as I press fit parts together, to tap gently with a hammer and use improvised tactics, like this water pipe connector to ensure pressure is applied evenly to the part being fitted.

a plastic water pipe connector with ideal dimensions is used with gentle hammer taps to press fit a part
a plastic water pipe connector with ideal dimensions is used with gentle hammer taps to press fit a part

When all was assembled I decided to test the repair, and it works perfectly.

 

 

gas furnace repair

Our Carrier gas furnaces are relatively new – installed January 2001, so that’s 13 years.  I read that the furnace should last beyond 20 years but repair costs become crippling and many throw in the towel and simply buy a new furnace after 15 years.

Some 5 years after installation one of the furnaces would not fire up, I called the installer, the serviceman came by and said it needed a new igniter which he installed for a cost of about $190 made up of $120 for the igniter and $70 for the visit.  The googled cost of a new igniter was about $35, so the installer made a very hefty markup.  I called the boss man, the conversation got a bit tense and I resolved henceforth to do my own repairs.  The repairs involve working with electricity and gas and can be dangerous and should not be undertaken by unqualified or inexperienced individuals.

Another cautionary tale – just before the polar vortex my neighbors moved into a foreclosure they had purchased, the furnace malfunctioned, they called in an HVAC “friend of the family” who diagnosed a defective circuit board which he replaced for $500 and did not respond to frantic calls during the vortex when the furnace went into hibernation.  Upshot was a new HVAC specialist “friend of the family” was contacted who advised that the furnace and a/c compressor had been bastardized by diy’ers and all had to be replaced for $4k.  Their heating now functions and their savings are torpedoed.  Now these are isolated bad experiences and not reflective on the integrity of most HVAC specialists – the main reason I go down the self repair road is I enjoy my independence and a sense of self sufficiency.

Over the years I replaced igniters without much ado.  So when our main furnace recently failed to start I assumed it needed a new igniter and installed a replacement (I keep them handy) but it still would not start.  The igniter glows reds when powered and ignites the gas and then switches off.  The igniter in the furnace did not glow red.  I tested the new igniter with an ohmeter and it was fine.  The wiring to the igniter was fine.  I was stumped.  Then I recalled that before a furnace fires up it runs through several test procedures and so maybe something else was defective and because of this the furnace was shutting down without powering the igniter.

I performed what is called a component test where the furnace tests each of the components and during this test the igniter glowed red but another component, the inducer motor did not start up.  I then remembered that for several weeks prior to the problem the inducer motor had a high pitched whine like a jet engine.  So I concluded I needed a new inducer motor. The inducer motor has a separate blower wheel and new gaskets are recommended when the motor is replaced.  My first instincts were that I would use the existing blower wheel and skip on new gaskets.  How helpful the internet is – several commentators said they had thought similarly but were unable to remove the blower wheel, and I found that I also could not loosen the blower wheel.  So I bit the bullet and ordered a new inducer motor, new blower wheel and new set of gaskets from three different suppliers for a total cost including shipping of about $130. Of interest is that the package consisting of all 3 components is available from another supplier for $214 – go figure.

the inducer motor in situ in the furnace before removal
the inducer motor in situ in the furnace before removal.  the white goo on the cooler is lubricant I sprayed to lubricate the bearing and silence the high pitched whine – it worked for a week until the motor failed.

I took photos of the setup before dismantling the housing and replacing the parts and just as well since re-assembly is not intuitive.

you can see the components - the cooler wheel on the left which cools the motor, the motor, the housing to which it is attached and the blower wheel on the right which fits into the furnace and circulates the gas
you can see the new assembled components – the cooler wheel on the left which cools the motor, the motor, the housing to which it is attached and the blower wheel on the right which fits into the furnace and circulates the gas

Finally the new parts were assembled, I flipped the switch and after what seemed interminable checking by the circuit board the furnace fired up and heat was restored.  Yay!

lawn tractor transmission problem

When a neighbor departed I purchased from her a Murray 14.5hp 40″ lawn tractor.  The engine fired but the tractor wouldn’t budge.  After some basic repairs I got it running fine and have kept it going the past 3 years.  Since I use it over rough ground it occasionally needs repairs – such as replacing shattered mandrels when the blades hit concealed rocks, beating out the housing from rock collisions and replacing the mower drive belt.  I now use my big tractor with a pto bush hog for the rough ground and tough grasses, and hope to nurture this lawn tractor along and use it for more confined areas such as the chicken paddocks and between the fruit trees.  I also use a scythe for occasional clearing.

All was well until a couple days ago when after cutting a chicken paddock area and closing the gate, I shifted the gear selector to forward and, though the engine continued to run, the tractor was stationery.  I selected each of the other forward gears and the reverse position and the tractor did not move.  A new challenge.

Today I worked on the tractor.  My reasoning was the problem could be one of 3 things:  the gear lever was not communicating with the transaxle (transmission); the transmission was defective; the transmission and the gear lever were fine but the transmission was not receiving power from the engine.

First step was to access the transaxle.

view of rear of lawn tractor showing rear wheel, transaxle and below upraised seat, the battery housing
view of rear of lawn tractor showing rear wheels, transaxle and below upraised seat, the battery housing

I disconnected and removed the battery from its housing.

a simple step to remove the battery - disconnect the terminals (negative first) and then lift and remove
a simple step to remove the battery – disconnect the terminals (negative first) and then lift and remove

With the battery removed you can see the big pulley which is attached to the transaxle.  The engine at the front of the tractor turns two drive belts – one belt rotates the mower blades and the other, which is well concealed, provides the power to drive the wheels via the transaxle.

with battery and housing removed you can see the drive pulley attached to the transaxle
with battery and housing removed you can see the drive pulley attached to the transaxle

Also visible above the pulley is a large spring.  This is attached to the idler pulley.  There are three pulleys – the pulley the engine turns, the pulley attached to the transaxle and the idler pulley which keeps the belt taut when the tractor is moving.

So what was wrong – there was a belt on the big transaxle pulley so it seemed the transaxle must be receiving power from the engine.  I selected a gear and pushed the tractor and to my surprise the big pulley turned.  I put the gear selector in neutral and pushed and the pulley did not turn.  I selected reverse and pushed and the pulley turned again but in the opposite direction.  I then breathed a big sigh of relief.  The gear selector was working, the transaxle was working and the belt must be loose.   I navigated to the engine end and felt underneath and found the pulley which drives the belt to the transaxle and the belt was also there and intact but it was not on the pulley.  So the belt had come off the pulley.  Now why had this happened.  In maneuvering my hand under the engine I pulled on the engine and it rocked forward.  It typically has 4 engine bolts and the rear two were missing.  Incidentally when I first got the tractor the same 2 bolts were missing and I replaced them – so I was familiar with these bolts.  I surmise that when I engaged the gear the engine rocked forward which meant the pulley underneath rocked back and the belt came off.  Probably also because the belt has stretched.  Rather than replace the belt I decided, for the time being, to reseat the belt and order and install the 2 missing engine bolts.

But it is very difficult to work on the pulley under the engine – it is barely accessible and there is no room to apply leverage on the belt to force it back onto the pulley.  Then I remembered the idler pulley – if I could move it aside it would free up a lot of belt slack.  I tried approaching the idler pulley from underneath and then concluded that a long crowbar via the battery housing   would secure a good grip and move it aside, which it did.  But I could not hold the crowbar in place at the rear of the tractor and reseat the belt under the engine at the front of the tractor at the same time.  I needed a helper.

a view of the idler pulley, limited access space
a view of the idler pulley, limited access space

I cut a piece of strong wire and shaped it into a loop.  Then with the crowbar I pushed the idler pulley to the side and with the wire band secured part of the idler assembly to the shaft of the gear selector which acted as my anchor.  With the idler pulley now held out of the way by the wire band, it was then a simple matter with one hand to reseat the belt over the engine pulley.

you can spot the wire band which is holding the idler pulley assembly out of the way of the drive belt
you can spot the wire band which is holding the idler pulley assembly out of the way of the drive belt
here is the wire loop or band which was my assistant with this repair
here is the wire loop or band which was my assistant with this repair

When the engine bolts arrive I will complete the repair and in future make a careful check that all the engine securing bolts are in place.

 

seized engine repair

how I diagnosed and repaired a seized engine

I heard of  a seized engine and hoped never to experience one.  And then my luck ran out.  Not really a matter of luck as carelessness.  At the Atlanta house I use a chipper/shredder for branches and foliage en route to the compost heap.  The shredder has functioned flawlessly since 2000, except for one bearing which was easily replaced.

chipper with seized engine
my 10.5hp Troy-Bilt chipper/shredder – branches chipped through the long funnel and foliage shredded through the hopper at the top

I regularly checked the oil level – by positioning the machine on level ground, removing the oil plug and ensuring the oil was level with the lowest threads for the oil plug.

the offending yellow oil plug and the oil check tube into which it is threaded
the offending yellow oil plug and the oil check tube into which it is threaded

And then one morning, while chipping away, something unusual happened – the engine puttered out.  I thought it was short of gas but there was gas enough.  I tried cranking it by pulling the starter rope and it turned easily – too easily.  I assumed either the rope was not turning the engine – a quick check told me it was, or that the engine had lost compression.  And then I noticed that the yellow oil plug was missing.  And surmised that as I was operating the machine it had dislodged the oil plug, pumped out all its oil through the oil plug hole and then became a seized engine.  Initially I hoped that the valves (there are two one for intake and one for exhaust) had stuck in the open position and this was why there was no compression.

the intake and exhaust valves, but the I had a seized engine
the intake and exhaust valves

But the valves were fine, so it had to be the piston.  I removed the spark plug and inserted a pencil through the spark plug hole and found the piston.  I pushed down on the pencil and the piston slid down the cylinder.  So, good news – the piston was not seized/melted onto the cylinder and bad news, the rod which connects the piston to the crankshaft was broken.  I had a seized engine.
Next step – 3 options: a) trash the chipper – it had given me many years service and I could transport branches to my farm and use my large tractor driven chipper; b) buy a replacement engine – cost approx $350 before transport costs; c) fix the engine.  I opted for (c).

Disassembly
Relatively straight forward to remove the engine from the chipper frame.

chipper with engine removed for seized engine repair
chipper with engine removed

I took the engine with me to my farm – something to do in the basement during the middle of the hot summer days.

seized engine in transit 0806
seized engine in transit to the farm

Also straightforward to disassemble the engine.  I rethreaded screws and washers where possible to minimize the conjecturing effort required during assembly trying to figure what goes where.

obvious damage visible when crankcase cover is removed
obvious damage visible when crankcase cover is removed – the results of a seized engine
another pic of the damaged parts
another pic of the shattered parts from the seized engine

It appeared that  with my seized engine the piston rod disintegrated – parts of the aluminum rod were melted onto the crankshaft journal.  I removed the piston and felt the interior of the cylinder.  No noticeable scoring – phew – minimal damage for a seized engine, so all I had to do was buy a new rod, new piston and rings and gaskets and sand the fragments off the crankshaft journal.  I thought the replacement parts would be inexpensive, but they cost in total approx $90 from the cheapest internet supplier.

I scoured the internet and found a free downloadable workshop manual for Briggs Stratton engines including my model.  This was immensely helpful for all the subsequent procedures.
The piston assembly came with piston rings, which have to be fitted, but no piston pin bearing which is the pin which connects the rod to the piston.  So I removed the pin from the damaged piston and I then connected the rod to the piston using this pin, ensuring that the arrow on the piston pointed toward the “mag” on the rod as directed by the manual.

Next step was to install the piston rings.  There are 3 grooves.  On the bottom grove goes the oil control ring and on each side of it, two thin rains.  The center ring goes into the middle groove.  It has two paint stripes and they are installed with the stripes to the right of the ring gap.  Finally the top ring is installed in the top groove of the piston.  It has one stripe which is installed with the stripe to the right of the ring gap.  friend lent me his ring compressor –  it was a simple matter to tighten the rings with the ring compressor and insert the piston with the rings into the cylinder. 

piston rings are compressed as the piston is slid into the cylinder
piston rings are compressed as the piston is slid into the cylinder

Connecting the rod to the journal
The torque specs for the connecting rods is 100lb-in and my 0.5” torque wrench only goes down to 20lb-ft which is the equivalent of 240 lb-in (multiply by 12).  So I have to pause my rebuild until I have acquired a 0.25” torque wrench which is calibrated for 100lb-in.  At my favorite internet shopping site I surveyed the 0.25” torque wrenches available.  There are expensive wrenches costing more than $100 and presumably these are superior to the <$40 wrenches.  I am hopeful that I will not have to repair too many engines and so, after reading numerous reviews I purchased the new model Tekton, which arrived quickly and appears well made and up to the task.

My plan is to secure the bolts into their threads using loctite which is a special glue made for this purpose.  I have learned from bitter experience that for important tasks I should do a trial run first – so instead of applying the glue to the threads and then torquing each bolt to 100 lb-in, I first torqued the bolts without the glue.  At 100 lb-in the piston wouldn’t move.  So I backed off the torque to 50 lb-in and the piston still wouldn’t move.  I concluded that the sanding I had previously done was insufficient and there was still a coating of the aluminum from the rod cap on the crankpin journal.  So this meant a lot more sanding. 

hand sanding the crankshaft journal, with a piece of wood to prevent rotation
hand sanding the crankshaft journal, with a piece of wood to prevent rotation

I figured out how to sand the journal effectively without removing the assembly from the block – I sanded with my hands pulling the sandpaper down and with the journal in four different positions  90 deg, 180 deg, 270 deg and 360 deg, initially with 180 grit paper until there was no aluminum residue and then with 220 grit and finally 340 grit.  I retorqued the rod cap bolts to 100 lb-in and the piston moves, so after this detour I can move forward again rehabilitating the seized engine.

Valve grinding

 Since I have dismantled the engine and the engine was used for more than 12 years it seems appropriate and convenient to regrind the valves.  I first removed the rockers which blocked access to the valves and their springs.  The difficult bit is releasing the valve stem from the spring which holds it tight against the cylinder head.  I have a valve spring compressor but it is really meant for car engines where there is more space to use it and the car springs are stronger.  So after maneuvering unsuccessfully with the valve spring compressor,  I simply pressed down with my thumbs on the valve spring retainer and removed the two retainer rings (actually one hurtled across the room and was eventually located).  I applied some valve grinding compound onto the valve and using an old valve grinder from my London days, rotated each valve quickly back and forth in its seat. 

hand operated valve grinder for seating the valves
hand operated valve grinder for seating the valves

Then I compressed the springs and reinserted the retainers.  

So, with the repair work done it was just a matter of assembling the engine following the torquing  specs in the manual, and then attaching the engine to the chipper and starting it up.  It started immediately but there was a problem – the engine was racing.  A whole new field for study – how the governor works.
The throttle on the carburettor is held in the open position by a spring.  Open position means there is no obstruction to air entering the carburettor which means the engine goes faster.  But if the engine goes too fast it will be damaged.  You only want to open the throttle when the engine is under load such as chipping.  So the governor is a clever device – as the engine speeds up, centrifugal weights slide outward and their motion via linkages counteracts the pull of the spring.  When the engine is chipping it slows down, the centrifugal weights slide inward, the governor ceases to oppose the spring and the engine speeds up.  It took me some time to figure this out and how to correctly set the governor.  My repair of a seized engine is concluded, the chipper runs fine for now – the real test will be for how long.